The plebiscite of June 2, 1946, decreed the Republican system. The Advent of the Republic in Italy was celebrated on October 31, 1946, by a set of eight stamps. Seven were dedicated to the medieval republics of Amalfi, Lucca, Siena, Firenze (Florence), Pisa, Genova and Venezia (Venice). The eighth depicts "Pontida's Oath" which united the free Italian communes against Barbarossa in 1167.
